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美国需要牢固的婚姻

美国需要牢固的婚姻

2010年,美国越过了一个具有重大意义的临界值:历史上第一次,已婚夫妇构成的美国家庭不再是主流。

婚姻中的这种下降是我们最近举行的“打破沉默的螺旋”会议的一个重要主题,更近一步查看数据会告诉我们原因。

1950年,已婚夫妇组成了78%的家庭。2010年,他们只构成了48%的美国家庭。将近下降了40%!

论到有孩子的已婚夫妇,这种下降更加明显:他们在美国只构成20%的家庭,不到1950年该份额的一半。

更为恼人的是,婚姻正在成为一种划分阶级的标记。查里斯·莫瑞(Charles Murray)在其新书《Coming Apart》中指出,受到更好教育和更富足的美国人在相当程度上更容易结婚、更不易有私生子,比起与他们相对的工人阶级。

布鲁金斯学会(Brookings Institution)一位学者总结这些改变时说,“象征美国理想家庭生活的欧吉和哈丽雅特(Ozzie and Harriet)时代已经逝去。”但这些改变的影响却远远超过20世纪50年代的这部情景喜剧。对婚姻的逃离在现实世界产生了后果。

豪不惊讶地,孩子们最敏锐地感受到了这种影响。更少的婚姻对孩子们来说意味着更多的不安全。弗吉尼亚大学的W. 布拉德福德·维尔科斯(W. Bradford Wilcox)告诉《纽约时报》,“孩子们更容易遭遇不稳定的生活,面对复杂的家庭关系,陷于贫困之中。”

婚姻的缺乏会对一个孩子的生活有惊人的不同:没有父亲的孩子们有超过2/3的几率更易入狱;35%父亲在6岁前离开的未成年少女更易未婚先孕,而有父亲的未成年少女中者比例只有5%。

当你看到童年贫困和家庭结构的显著联系时,你不得不怀疑美国人怎么能对婚姻的未来如此不在意。

实际上,你不需要怀疑:这是他们对婚姻功能的一种理解。大多数美国人,包括多数基督徒,把婚姻看成是一种已经存在“关系”的表达。它不应该作为一个惊喜出现,并且人们还在不断找到表达他们关系的其他方式。对此你也不用惊讶:一些人无法理解为什么婚姻一定要限制在一男一女之间。

这就是为什么,有关婚姻的事情需要从一个提问开始:“婚姻是为了什么?”作为基督徒,我们知道这是为了男女永恒的结合,为了互相爱和支持并且抚养儿女;它是在有信仰家庭、教会的背景下存在的,并且它是基督与教会联合的标志。用另外的话来说,婚姻比一种“关系”多得多。

我们基督徒是时候承认我们的生活并未反映出婚姻的目的和意义了。因为,自从20世纪50年代以来,电视产生了巨大变化,但对牢固婚姻的需求却没有。

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