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德州最高法院駁回美國聖公會關於保留分離教區財產的動議

德州最高法院駁回美國聖公會關於保留分離教區財產的動議

德州沃斯堡聖安德魯聖公會教堂(St. Andrew's Episcopal Church)的棕枝主日彩繪玻璃窗。 | 蘇珊娜·吉爾

德克薩斯州最高法院再次駁回了美國聖公會(The Episcopal Church)為保護一個因神學分歧而破裂的教區的財產和資產的努力。

在過去的幾年裡,沃斯堡聖公會教區(Episcopal Diocese of Fort Worth)一直在與美國聖公會就該地區機構的財產和資產進行法律鬥爭。

在周二發布的一項命令中,該州最高法院駁回了一項關於緊急臨時救濟的動議,允許實施早先不利於該主流新教教派的裁決。

因此,美國聖公會必須交出從該教區財產中移除的所有財務賬戶、財產和記錄,而這些財產以前是教派的一部分。

沃斯堡教區在一份聲明中指出:「今天的否決是美國聖公會各方在州最高法院的第三次失利,並允許繼續執行之前的判決」。

2008年,沃斯堡教區的大多數人投票決定離開美國聖公會,因為該教派的神學觀點日益偏左,特別是該教派第一位公開的同性戀主教吉恩·羅賓遜(Gene Robinson)牧師的任命。

關於誰有權擁有該教區的財產和商標的訴訟隨之而來,美國聖公會認為它通過丹尼斯教規(Dennis Canon)合法持有這些財產和資產,該措施將所有教會財產標記為為全國性的教派利益而持有的信託。

2018年4月,沃斯堡上訴法院作出了有利於教派的裁決,認為州法律並不能保證教區在離開教派時可以帶走他們的財產。

「一個教區的個別成員可以決定到其他地方做禮拜;一個教區或教區的大多數個別成員可以決定這樣做。但當他們離開時,他們不再是美國聖公會所認定的『聖公會信徒』;他們變成了另一種身份。而這個身份使得他們無權保留財產,」上訴法院的裁決指出。

然而,在2020年5月,德州最高法院作出了不利於該全國性教派的裁決,認為鑑於內部發展,丹尼斯教規不適用於分離的教區。

伊娃·古茲曼(Eva Guzman)法官撰寫了法庭意見,認為1989年對教區章程和教規的修改阻止了丹尼斯教規的適用。

「雖然確實如美國聖公會所說,教區的組織文件禁止採用與該全國性教派的章程和教規不一致的教規,但撤銷與可撤銷信託並不矛盾,」古茲曼寫道。

「此外,在撤銷與財產糾紛爆發之間的20年裡,美國聖公會沒有對修訂的教規提出過異議,現在也沒有因為所謂的『不一致』而爭論1989年的修改是無效的。」

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